Oracle 11g新的SecureFile存儲(chǔ)特性擴(kuò)展了大對象(LOB)的靈活性和容量,本文研究如何有效地從BasicFile遷移到SecureFile存儲(chǔ),如何測量SecureFile vs BasicFile LOB的效率,以及如何為SecureFile LOB使用不同的壓縮和重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)刪除選項(xiàng)。
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我創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)新表TRBTKT.SECURE_TICKETS重新定義了原始表TRBTKT.TICKETS的結(jié)構(gòu),將原始的BasicFile LOB映射到對應(yīng)的SecureFile LOB,然后執(zhí)行了一條INSERT INTO … SELECT FROM DML語句將原始表中的內(nèi)容傳輸?shù)叫卤碇小?/p>
在一個(gè)相對簡單的應(yīng)用程序環(huán)境中,這種載入方式足以應(yīng)付,但目前在數(shù)據(jù)倉庫和商業(yè)智能應(yīng)用程序中廣泛地使用了LOB,特別是存儲(chǔ)那些包含了復(fù)雜商務(wù)交易的XML文檔和醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)捕獲到的醫(yī)療影像數(shù)據(jù)。
為了便于說明,我使用清單1中的代碼重新創(chuàng)建了這兩個(gè)表,我使用了列表分區(qū)對這兩個(gè)表進(jìn)行了分區(qū),在清單2中,我使用更大的數(shù)據(jù)重新載入TRBTKT.TICKETS表。
清單1 使用列表分區(qū)重新創(chuàng)建這兩個(gè)表以模擬數(shù)據(jù)倉庫環(huán)境
-- 重新創(chuàng)建表TRBTKT.TICKETS,這次包括了一個(gè)STATUS列
CREATE TABLE trbtkt.tickets (
tkt_id NUMBER
,description VARCHAR2(30)
,submit_dtm TIMESTAMP
,status VARCHAR2(8)
,document BLOB
,scrnimg BLOB
)
LOB(document)
STORE AS BASICFILE (TABLESPACE basicfiles)
,LOB(scrnimg)
STORE AS BASICFILE (TABLESPACE basicfiles)
PARTITION BY LIST (status) (
PARTITION sts_open
VALUES ('OPEN')
,PARTITION sts_pending
VALUES ('PENDING')
,PARTITION sts_closed
VALUES ('CLOSED')
,PARTITION sts_other
VALUES (DEFAULT)
)
;
--注釋
COMMENT ON TABLE trbtkt.tickets
IS 'Contains Trouble Ticket transaction data';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.tkt_id
IS 'Unique identifier for a Trouble Ticket';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.description
IS 'Trouble Ticket Description';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.submit_dtm
IS 'Trouble Ticket Submission Time Stamp';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.status
IS 'Trouble Ticket Status';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.document
IS 'Large Object (LOB) that contains a Microsoft Word document that provides detailed information about a Trouble Ticket';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.scrnimg
IS 'Large Object (LOB) that contains a screen print or other p_w_picpath that helps a problem solver identify how to act on a Trouble Ticket';
-- 創(chuàng)建索引和約束
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX trbtkt.tickets_pk_idx
ON trbtkt.tickets(tkt_id)
TABLESPACE users;
ALTER TABLE trbtkt.tickets
ADD CONSTRAINT tickets_pk
PRIMARY KEY (tkt_id);
-----
-- 創(chuàng)建表TRBTKT.SECURE_TICKETS的一個(gè)改良版本,使用分區(qū)劃分SecureFile LOB的存儲(chǔ),基于STATUS 的值設(shè)置合適的保留周期
DROP TABLE trbtkt.secure_tickets PURGE;
CREATE TABLE trbtkt.secure_tickets (
tkt_id NUMBER
,description VARCHAR2(30)
,submit_dtm TIMESTAMP
,status VARCHAR2(8)
,document BLOB
,scrnimg BLOB
)
LOB(document)
STORE AS SECUREFILE (
TABLESPACE securefiles
DISABLE STORAGE IN ROW
CACHE
)
,LOB(scrnimg)
STORE AS SECUREFILE (
TABLESPACE securefiles
DISABLE STORAGE IN ROW
CACHE READS
)
PARTITION BY LIST (status) (
PARTITION sts_open
VALUES ('OPEN')
LOB (document) STORE AS SECUREFILE (KEEP_DUPLICATES NOCOMPRESS)
,LOB (scrnimg) STORE AS SECUREFILE (KEEP_DUPLICATES COMPRESS)
,PARTITION sts_pending
VALUES ('PENDING')
LOB (document) STORE AS SECUREFILE (KEEP_DUPLICATES NOCOMPRESS)
,LOB (scrnimg) STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS)
,PARTITION sts_closed
VALUES ('CLOSED')
LOB (document) STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS)
,LOB (scrnimg) STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS HIGH)
,PARTITION sts_other
VALUES (DEFAULT)
LOB (document) STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS HIGH)
,LOB (scrnimg) STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS HIGH)
)
;
--注釋
COMMENT ON TABLE trbtkt.secure_tickets
IS 'Contains Trouble Ticket transaction data';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.tkt_id
IS 'Unique identifier for a Trouble Ticket';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.description
IS 'Trouble Ticket Description';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.submit_dtm
IS 'Trouble Ticket Submission Time Stamp';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.status
IS 'Trouble Ticket Status';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.document
IS 'Large Object (LOB) that contains a Microsoft Word document that provides detailed information about a Trouble Ticket';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.scrnimg
IS 'Large Object (LOB) that contains a screen print or other p_w_picpath that helps a problem solver identify how to act on a Trouble Ticket';
清單2 使用附加數(shù)據(jù)重新載入表TRBTKT.TICKETS
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
TRUNCATE TABLE trbtkt.tickets;
BEGIN
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 101
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 101'
,submit_dts => '2008-12-31 23:45:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_101.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 102
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 102'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-04 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_102.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 103
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 103'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_103.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 104
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 104'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:30:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_104.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 105
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 105'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-09 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_105.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 106
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 106'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-11 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_106.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 107
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 107'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-16 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_107.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 108
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 108'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-12 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_108.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 109
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 109'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_109.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 110
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 110'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:45:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_110.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 201
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 201'
,submit_dts => '2008-12-31 23:45:00'
,status => 'PENDING'
,docFileName => 'New_101.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 202
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 202'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-04 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_102.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 203
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 203'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_103.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 204
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 204'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:30:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_104.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 205
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 205'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-09 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_105.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 206
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 206'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-11 00:00:00'
,status => 'PENDING'
,docFileName => 'New_106.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 207
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 207'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-16 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_107.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 208
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 208'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-12 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_108.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 209
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 209'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'PENDING'
,docFileName => 'New_109.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 210
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 210'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:45:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_110.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 301
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 301'
,submit_dts => '2008-12-31 23:45:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_101.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 302
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 302'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-04 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_102.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 303
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 303'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_103.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 304
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 304'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:30:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_104.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 305
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 305'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-09 00:00:00'
,status => 'PENDING'
,docFileName => 'New_105.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 306
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 306'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-11 00:00:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_106.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 307
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 307'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-16 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_107.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 308
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 308'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-12 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_108.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 309
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 309'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_109.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 310
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 310'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:45:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_110.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg'
);
COMMIT;
END;
/
-- 收集優(yōu)化器統(tǒng)計(jì)信息
BEGIN
DBMS_STATS.GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS(ownname => 'TRBTKT', CASCADE => TRUE);
END;
/
有效地從BasicFile移植到SecureFile
現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)將這些表進(jìn)行了分區(qū),以便在數(shù)據(jù)倉庫環(huán)境更有效地使用,我也已經(jīng)考慮過如何將LOB從BasicFile格式快速有效地轉(zhuǎn)換成對應(yīng)的SecureFile格式,幸運(yùn)的是,Oracle 11g提供了兩個(gè)方法:分區(qū)交換和在線重定義。
1、分區(qū)交換
分區(qū)交換載入(Partition Exchange Load,即PDL)有時(shí)也叫做分區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),包含創(chuàng)建一個(gè)非分區(qū)表,它的格式和內(nèi)容完全匹配目標(biāo)分區(qū)表想要的分區(qū),一旦原始表創(chuàng)建好了,就可以開始可已經(jīng)分區(qū)的表的目標(biāo)分區(qū)進(jìn)行交換了,這個(gè)方法確實(shí)提供了許多好處,換句話說,原始表的本地索引在交換期間得到維護(hù),它可以并行執(zhí)行,這個(gè)方法可以重復(fù)多次以填充每個(gè)分區(qū),它的主要缺點(diǎn)是接收數(shù)據(jù)的分區(qū)在進(jìn)行交換時(shí)必須離線。
2、在線重定義
Oracle推薦使用DBMS_REDEFINITION包對源表和目標(biāo)表執(zhí)行在線重定義,因?yàn)樗鼘?shí)現(xiàn)了分區(qū)交換方法相同的目標(biāo)。但它不需要在重定義過程中將目標(biāo)離線。在線重定義可以在表級也可以在分區(qū)級執(zhí)行,它也可以同時(shí)并行為多個(gè)分區(qū)執(zhí)行,我喜歡在線重定義的特性是在這個(gè)過程成功執(zhí)行完畢后,源和目標(biāo)對象將對真正地在數(shù)據(jù)庫數(shù)據(jù)目錄中轉(zhuǎn)換定義,這意味著任何引用了新對象名的PL/SQL對象都不需要進(jìn)行任何修改。清單3顯示了如何使用TRBTKT.TICKETS表作為源對象,使用TRBTKT.SECURE_TICKETS表作為目標(biāo)對象進(jìn)行在線重定義的。從BasicFile LOB轉(zhuǎn)換到SecureFile LOB最后一個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)是:一旦轉(zhuǎn)換完成,LOB就不能再降級回到BasicFile LOB了。
管理SecureFile元數(shù)據(jù)
這些新的SecureFile特性無疑擴(kuò)展了LOB的能力,對于DBA而言,也需要注意幾個(gè)在傳統(tǒng)的BasicFile LOB上增加的額外屬性,幸運(yùn)的是,Oracle 11g提供了多個(gè)方法跟蹤BasicFile和SecureFile LOB的元數(shù)據(jù)。
1、數(shù)據(jù)字典視圖
Oracle 11g也更新了多個(gè)關(guān)于SecureFile信息的數(shù)據(jù)字典視圖,下面列出這些做了變動(dòng)的視圖。
清單4顯示了多條SQL*Plus查詢,它們使用了這些數(shù)據(jù)字典視圖返回關(guān)于SecureFile元數(shù)據(jù)的信息,報(bào)告1顯示了從這些查詢返回的結(jié)果。
清單4 查詢BasicFile和SecureFile LOB的元數(shù)據(jù)
SET PAGESIZE 1000
SET LINESIZE 140
-- 視圖: DBA_SEGMENTS
--顯示關(guān)于BasicFile 和SecureFile 段的元數(shù)據(jù)
TTITLE 'LOB Segment Information|(from DBA_SEGMENTS)'
COL segment_name FORMAT A30 HEADING 'Segment Name'
COL segment_type FORMAT A20 HEADING 'Segment|Type'
COL segment_subtype FORMAT A20 HEADING 'Segment|SubType'
COL partition_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Partition|Name'
COL tablespace_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Tablespace'
SELECT
segment_name
,segment_type
,segment_subtype
,partition_name
,tablespace_name
FROM dba_segments
WHERE owner = 'TRBTKT'
ORDER BY segment_name
;
TTITLE OFF
-- 視圖: DBA_LOBS
--顯示關(guān)于BasicFile和SecureFile LOB的元數(shù)據(jù)
TTITLE 'BasicFile and SecureFile LOBs Metadata|(from DBA_LOBS)'
COL table_name FORMAT A14 HEADING 'Table'
COL segment_name FORMAT A26 HEADING 'Segment'
COL column_name FORMAT A10 HEADING 'Column'
COL tablespace_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Tablespace'
COL logging FORMAT A08 HEADING 'Logging'
COL cache FORMAT A10 HEADING 'Cacheing'
COL in_row FORMAT A07 HEADING 'Stored|In Row'
COL encrypt FORMAT A07 HEADING 'Encryp-|tion'
COL compression FORMAT A07 HEADING 'Compre-|ssion'
COL deduplication FORMAT A08 HEADING 'DeDupli-|cation'
COL securefile FORMAT A07 HEADING 'Secure|File?'
COL partitioned FORMAT A07 HEADING 'Parti-|tioned'
SELECT
table_name
,column_name
,segment_name
,tablespace_name
,logging
,cache
,in_row
,encrypt
,compression
,deduplication
,securefile
,partitioned
FROM dba_lobs
WHERE owner = 'TRBTKT'
ORDER BY table_name, column_name
;
TTITLE OFF
--視圖: DBA_PART_LOBS
--顯示BasicFile和SecureFile LOB的默認(rèn)值
TTITLE 'BasicFile and SecureFile Partitioned LOB Default Settings|(from DBA_PART_LOBS)'
COL table_name FORMAT A20 HEADING 'Table'
COL column_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Column'
COL def_cache FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Cached'
COL def_tablespace_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Tablespace'
COL def_securefile FORMAT A12 HEADING 'SecureFile'
COL def_encrypt FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Encrypted'
COL def_compress FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Compressed'
COL def_deduplicate FORMAT A12 HEADING 'DeDuplicated'
SELECT
table_name
,column_name
,def_cache
,def_tablespace_name
,def_securefile
,def_compress
,def_deduplicate
,def_encrypt
FROM dba_part_lobs
WHERE table_owner = 'TRBTKT'
ORDER BY table_name, column_name
;
TTITLE OFF
--視圖: DBA_LOB_PARTITIONS
--在獨(dú)立的LOB級描述BasicFile和SecureFile設(shè)置
TTITLE 'BasicFile and SecureFile LOB Partitions|(from DBA_LOB_PARTITIONS)'
COL table_name FORMAT A16 HEADING 'Table'
COL column_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Column'
COL partition_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Stored in|Partition'
COL cache FORMAT A10 HEADING 'Cacheing'
COL in_row FORMAT A10 HEADING 'Stored|In Row'
COL encrypt FORMAT A10 HEADING 'Encrypted'
COL compression FORMAT A10 HEADING 'Compressed'
COL deduplication FORMAT A10 HEADING 'DeDupli-|cated'
COL securefile FORMAT A10 HEADING 'SecureFile?'
SELECT
table_name
,column_name
,partition_name
,cache
,in_row
,encrypt
,compression
,deduplication
,securefile
FROM dba_lob_partitions
WHERE table_owner = 'TRBTKT'
ORDER BY table_name, column_name
;
TTITLE OFF
報(bào)告1 從BasicFIle和SecureFile LOB元數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告返回的結(jié)果
SET PAGESIZE 1000
SET LINESIZE 140
-- 視圖: DBA_SEGMENTS
--顯示關(guān)于BasicFile 和SecureFile 段的元數(shù)據(jù)
TTITLE 'LOB Segment Information|(from DBA_SEGMENTS)'
COL segment_name FORMAT A30 HEADING 'Segment Name'
COL segment_type FORMAT A20 HEADING 'Segment|Type'
COL segment_subtype FORMAT A20 HEADING 'Segment|SubType'
COL partition_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Partition|Name'
COL tablespace_name FORMAT A12 HEADING 'Tablespace'
SELECT
segment_name
,segment_type
,segment_subtype
,partition_name
,tablespace_name
FROM dba_segments
WHERE owner = 'TRBTKT'
ORDER BY segment_name
;
TTITLE OFF
-- 視圖: DBA_LOBS
--顯示關(guān)于BasicFile和SecureFile LOB的元數(shù)據(jù)
TTITLE 'BasicFile and SecureFile LOBs Metadata|(from DBA_LOBS)'
COL table_name FORMAT A14 HEADING 'Table'
COL segment_name FORMAT A26 HEADING 'Segment'
COL column_name FORMAT A10 HEADING 'Column'
COL tablespace_name FORMAT A12 &n
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