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Mysql_MHA高可用架構(gòu)搭建
窗體頂端
窗體底端
環(huán)境及兼容包
系統(tǒng)環(huán)境:centos6.5
Mysql: mysql-5.5.6 數(shù)據(jù)庫用源碼安裝,這里就不介紹了
主機(jī)分配:
Master : 192.168.0.101 node1 (主庫)
Slave1 : 192.168.0.102 node2 (備用主庫)
Slave2 : 192.168.0.103 node3 (從庫+MHA控制節(jié)點(diǎn))
MHA兼容包見附件
窗體頂端
窗體底端
添加免密碼登錄,互為認(rèn)證
++++++++++以下操作在三臺(tái)節(jié)點(diǎn)上都的執(zhí)行#+++++++++++++
##添加hosts,并修改各自主機(jī)名
192.168.0.101node1
192.168.0.102node2
192.168.0.103node3
##添加秘鑰
ssh-keygen -t rsa
cat/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
##將三個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的秘鑰都添加到 authorized_keys,包括自己的秘鑰
##在三個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上依次執(zhí)行下列命令用以檢查 ssh
ssh node1 date
ssh node2 date
ssh node3 date
##只有互為認(rèn)證登錄成功才能繼續(xù)后續(xù)操作
窗體頂端
窗體底端
安裝MHA node 包
++++++++++以下操作在三臺(tái)節(jié)點(diǎn)上都的執(zhí)行#+++++++++++++
##更新yum為阿里源
mv/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.old
wget -O/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache
yum update
##安裝環(huán)境包
yum installperl-DBD-MySQL perl perl-devel cpan
rpm -ivhmha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
##mha node 安裝完成后會(huì)在/usr/bin 下面生成以下四個(gè)腳本:(這些工具通常由mha manger的腳本觸發(fā),無需人工操作)
/usr/bin/save_binary_logs ##保存和復(fù)制master的二進(jìn)制日志
/usr/bin/apply_diff_relay_logs ##識(shí)別差異的中繼日志事件并將其差異的事件應(yīng)用于其他slave
/usr/bin/filter_mysqlbinlog ##去除不必要的ROLLBACK事件(MHA已經(jīng)不再使用這個(gè)工具)
/usr/bin/purge_relay_logs ##清除中繼日志(不會(huì)阻塞SQL線程)
窗體頂端
窗體底端
安裝MHA manager節(jié)點(diǎn)包
[node3]#tar xf mha.tar.gz
[node3]# cd mha
##登陸node3嘗試安裝mha4mysql-manager-0.56-0.el6.noarch,果然報(bào)錯(cuò)缺少perl模塊的包
##按安裝順序整理如下:
compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6
perl-Mail-Sender-0.8.16-3.el6
perl-Mail-Sendmail-0.79-12.el6
perl-Config-Tiny-2.12-7.1.el6
perl-Parallel-ForkManager-0.7.9-1.el6
perl-Log-Dispatch-2.27-1.el6
#在安裝perl-Log-Dispatch-2.27-1.el6包時(shí)還會(huì)遇到有模塊的包需要安裝,按安裝順序整理如下:
perl-TimeDate-1.16-11.1.el6
perl-MIME-Types-1.28-2.el6
perl-MailTools-2.04-4.el6
perl-Email-Date-Format-1.002-5.el6
perl-Params-Validate-0.92-3.el6
perl-MIME-Lite-3.027-2.el6
之后便可以正常安裝mha4mysql-manager-0.56-0.el6.noarch
rpm -ivh mha4mysql-manager-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
##mha manager 安裝完成后會(huì)在/usr/bin 下面生成一些腳本:
/usr/bin/masterha_check_repl ##檢查mysql復(fù)制狀況
/usr/bin/masterha_check_ssh ##檢查MHA的ssh配置狀況
/usr/bin/masterha_check_status ##檢測(cè)當(dāng)前MHA運(yùn)行狀態(tài)
/usr/bin/masterha_conf_host ##添加或刪除配置的server信息
/usr/bin/masterha_manager ##啟動(dòng)MHA
/usr/bin/masterha_master_monitor ##監(jiān)測(cè)master是否宕機(jī)
/usr/bin/masterha_master_switch ##控制故障轉(zhuǎn)移(自動(dòng)或手動(dòng))
/usr/bin/masterha_secondary_check ##也是監(jiān)測(cè)master是否宕機(jī)的腳本
/usr/bin/masterha_stop ##關(guān)閉MHA
窗體頂端
窗體底端
修改數(shù)據(jù)庫為主從
##將三個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫文件 my.cf 中 server-id = 的值依次修改為 1、2、3
[node1]#mysql-uroot
mysql> show master status;
//查看 master_log_file和 Position 值
##在三個(gè)庫中都添加repl和monitor用戶
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO'repl'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to'monitor'@'192.168.0.%' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
##在node1 上執(zhí)行下列語句
mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname'semisync_master.so';
//主庫安裝semisync_master插件
mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1;
mysql> set globalrpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=30000;
//表示主庫在某次事務(wù)中,如果等待時(shí)間超過30000毫秒,那么則降級(jí)為普通模式,不再等待備庫。如果主庫再次探測(cè)到,備庫恢復(fù)了,則會(huì)自動(dòng)再次回到Semi-sync狀態(tài)。
##node2和node3上操作:
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.101',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',
MASTER_LOG_POS=0;
//MASTER_LOG_FILE= 和 MASTER_LOG_POS= 參數(shù)的值填寫剛剛showmaster status查詢的值
mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname'semisync_slave.so';
mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> start slave;
####從mysql5.5之后,mysql為了保證主從庫數(shù)據(jù)一致性,引進(jìn)了semi-sync功能,
semi-sync意思是MASTER只需要接收到其中一臺(tái)SLAVE的返回信息,就會(huì)commit;否則需等待直至切換成異步再提交。
優(yōu)點(diǎn):
當(dāng)事務(wù)返回客戶端成功后,則日志一定在至少兩臺(tái)主機(jī)上存在。
MySQL的Semi-sync適合小事務(wù),且兩臺(tái)主機(jī)的延遲又較小,則Semi-sync可以實(shí)現(xiàn)在性能很小損失的情況下的零數(shù)據(jù)丟失。
缺點(diǎn):
完成單個(gè)事務(wù)增加了額外的等待延遲,延遲的大小取決于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的好壞。
窗體頂端
窗體底端
Manager節(jié)點(diǎn)配置
[node3]#
[node3]# mkdir -p/etc/masterha /masterha/app1 /masterha/scripts
[node3]# cd/etc/masterha/
[node3]# vimapp1.cnf
//app1.cnf 文件文末提供,在這里先把這兩項(xiàng)參數(shù)值留空,到添加VIP 地址的時(shí)候在改成文 app1.cnf 文件中的值
master_ip_failover_script=""
master_ip_online_change_script=""
###檢測(cè)配置
##檢測(cè)ssh配置
[node3]# exportPERL5LIB=$PERL5LIB:/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/
[node3]#masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
##檢測(cè)mysql配置
[node3]#masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
##檢查MHA 的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)
[node3]#masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
###運(yùn)行MHA
[node3]# nohupmasterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf < /dev/null >/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &
[node3]# tail -f/masterha/app1/manager.log
[node3]#masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
窗體頂端
窗體底端
驗(yàn)證
##先在master庫上查看slave信息
mysql> show slave hosts;
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| 3 | | 3306 | 1 |
| 2 | | 3306 | 1 |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
##關(guān)閉 node1 上面的 master 庫,然后在node2的slave庫上查看是否切為主庫
mysql> show slave hosts;
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| 3 | | 3306 | 2 |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
##恢復(fù)高可用架構(gòu)
##failover成功之后,MHA就會(huì)停了,這時(shí)候是slave1 到slave2的主從復(fù)制,假設(shè)192.168.0.101 數(shù)據(jù)庫恢復(fù)了,那我們需要恢復(fù)高可用架構(gòu),讓MHA啟動(dòng)。
##這是時(shí)候需要做的是,啟動(dòng)192.168.0.101數(shù)據(jù)庫,在manager上面執(zhí)行以下命令,找到CHANGEMASTER 執(zhí)行即可。
[node1]# grep -i"All other slaves should start replication from here"/masterha/app1/manager.log
Fri Aug 2512:11:40 2017 - [info] All other slavesshould start replication from here. Statement should
be: CHANGE MASTERTO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.102', MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000012',
MASTER_LOG_POS=328, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456';
//注意 MASTER_HOST= MASTER_LOG_FILE= MASTER_LOG_POS= 三個(gè)的值
[node1]# mysql-uroot
mysql> CHANGEMASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.102', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000012',MASTER_LOG_POS=328, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456';
mysql> slavestart;
[node2]#mysql-uroot
mysql> showslave hosts;
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| 3 | | 3306 | 2 |
| 1 | | 3306 | 2 |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
###在開啟MHA 服務(wù),然后關(guān)閉node2 上面的mysql模擬宕機(jī)
[node3]# nohupmasterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf < /dev/null >/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &
##還需刪除app1.failover.complete文件,否則會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)
[node3]# rm -f/masterha/app1/app1.failover.complete
[node2]# servicemysql3306 stop
[node1]# mysql-uroot
mysql> showslave hosts;
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| 3 | | 3306 | 1 |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
##在執(zhí)行上面(恢復(fù)高可用架構(gòu)) 操作,將slave1 加入到集群里來
窗體頂端
窗體底端
VIP地址漂移
####注意必須所有的主機(jī)網(wǎng)卡信息都為 eth0
##先在 node1 上添加虛擬地址
[node1]#/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.0.100/24
##修改app1.cnf 配置文件中
master_ip_failover_script=/etc/masterha/master_ip_failover #master failover時(shí)執(zhí)行
master_ip_online_change_script=/etc/masterha/master_ip_online_change #master switchover時(shí)執(zhí)行
##編輯master_ip_failover和 master_ip_online_change文件
[node3]# cd/etc/masterha/
[node3]# vimmaster_ip_failover
[node3]# vimmaster_ip_online_change
//配置文件內(nèi)容在文檔末尾
窗體頂端
窗體底端
app1.cnf 配置文件
app1.cnf
[server default]
user=monitor
password=123456
ping_interval=10
#repl_workdir=/masterha/app1
repl_user=repl
repl_password=123456
ssh_user=root
master_ip_failover_script=/etc/masterha/master_ip_failover
master_ip_online_change_script=/etc/masterha/master_ip_online_change
#report_script= /etc/masterha/send_report
shutdown_script=""
secondary_check_script=/usr/bin/masterha_secondary_check-s node2 -s node1
manager_workdir=/masterha/app1
manager_log=/masterha/app1/manager.log
#remote_workdir=/masterha/app1
[server1]
hostname=192.168.0.101
port=3306
master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/data3306
candidate_master=1
#check_repl_delay=0
[server2]
hostname=192.168.0.102
port=3306
master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/data3306
candidate_master=1
#check_repl_delay=0
[server3]
hostname=192.168.0.103
#port=3306
#master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/data3306
no_master=1
#node3不參與競選,只作從庫和manager使用
read_only=1
窗體頂端
窗體底端
配置文件master_ip_failover
master_ip_failover
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings FATAL =>'all';
use Getopt::Long;
my (
$command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,
$orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port
);
my $vip = '192.168.0.100/24';
my $key = "1";
my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key$vip";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$keydown";
my $exit_code = 0;
GetOptions(
'command=s' => \$command,
'ssh_user=s' => \$ssh_user,
'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host,
'orig_master_ip=s' => \$orig_master_ip,
'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port,
'new_master_host=s' => \$new_master_host,
'new_master_ip=s' => \$new_master_ip,
'new_master_port=i' => \$new_master_port,
);
exit &main();
sub main {
#print "\n\nIN SCRIPTTEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===\n\n";
if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq"stopssh" ) {
#$orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port are passed.
# If youmanage master ip address at global catalog database,
#invalidate orig_master_ip here.
my$exit_code = 1;
eval {
print"\n\n\n***************************************************************\n";
print"Disabling the VIP - $vip on old master: $orig_master_host\n";
print"***************************************************************\n\n\n\n";
&stop_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@){
warn"Got Error: $@\n";
exit$exit_code;
}
exit$exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
# allarguments are passed.
# If youmanage master ip address at global catalog database,
# activatenew_master_ip here.
# You canalso grant write access (create user, set read_only=0, etc) here.
my $exit_code = 10;
eval {
print"\n\n\n***************************************************************\n";
print"Enabling the VIP - $vip on new master: $new_master_host \n";
print"***************************************************************\n\n\n\n";
&start_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@){
warn$@;
exit $exit_code;
}
exit$exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
print"Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n";
`ssh$ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
exit0;
}
else {
&usage();
exit1;
}
}
# A simple system call that enable the VIP on the newmaster
sub start_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip\"`;
}
# A simple system call that disable the VIP on theold_master
sub stop_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip\"`;
}
sub usage {
"Usage: master_ip_failover–command=start|stop|stopssh|status –orig_master_host=host –orig_master_ip=ip–orig_master_port=po
rt –new_master_host=host –new_master_ip=ip–new_master_port=port\n";
}
窗體頂端
窗體底端
配置文件master_ip_online_change
master_ip_online_change
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings FATAL =>'all';
use Getopt::Long;
my $vip = '192.168.0.100/24';
my $key = "1";
my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key$vip";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$keydown";
my $exit_code = 0;
my (
$command, $orig_master_is_new_slave,$orig_master_host,
$orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port, $orig_master_user,
$orig_master_password, $orig_master_ssh_user, $new_master_host,
$new_master_ip, $new_master_port, $new_master_user,
$new_master_password, $new_master_ssh_user,
);
GetOptions(
'command=s' => \$command,
'orig_master_is_new_slave' => \$orig_master_is_new_slave,
'orig_master_host=s' =>\$orig_master_host,
'orig_master_ip=s' =>\$orig_master_ip,
'orig_master_port=i' =>\$orig_master_port,
'orig_master_user=s' =>\$orig_master_user,
'orig_master_password=s' =>\$orig_master_password,
'orig_master_ssh_user=s' =>\$orig_master_ssh_user,
'new_master_host=s' =>\$new_master_host,
'new_master_ip=s' =>\$new_master_ip,
'new_master_port=i' =>\$new_master_port,
'new_master_user=s' =>\$new_master_user,
'new_master_password=s' => \$new_master_password,
'new_master_ssh_user=s' =>\$new_master_ssh_user,
);
exit &main();
sub main {
#print "\n\nIN SCRIPTTEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===\n\n";
if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq"stopssh" ) {
#$orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port are passed.
# If youmanage master ip address at global catalog database,
#invalidate orig_master_ip here.
my $exit_code = 1;
eval {
print"\n\n\n***************************************************************\n";
print"Disabling the VIP - $vip on old master: $orig_master_host\n";
print"***************************************************************\n\n\n\n";
&stop_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@){
warn"Got Error: $@\n";
exit$exit_code;
}
exit$exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
# allarguments are passed.
# If youmanage master ip address at global catalog database,
# activatenew_master_ip here.
# You canalso grant write access (create user, set read_only=0, etc) here.
my $exit_code = 10;
eval {
print"\n\n\n***************************************************************\n";
print"Enabling the VIP - $vip on new master: $new_master_host \n";
print"***************************************************************\n\n\n\n";
&start_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@){
warn$@;
exit$exit_code;
}
exit$exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
print"Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n";
`ssh$orig_master_ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
exit0;
}
else {
&usage();
exit1;
}
}
# A simple system call that enable the VIP on the newmaster
sub start_vip() {
`ssh $new_master_ssh_user\@$new_master_host \"$ssh_start_vip \"`;
}
# A simple system call that disable the VIP on theold_master
sub stop_vip() {
`ssh $orig_master_ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \"$ssh_stop_vip \"`;
}
sub usage {
"Usage: master_ip_failover–command=start|stop|stopssh|status –orig_master_host=host –orig_master_ip=ip–orig_master_port=po
rt –new_master_host=host –new_master_ip=ip–new_master_port=port\n";
}
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